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北京何时摆脱水资源短缺和污染困境?

   治理进展难以满足城市发展需要,清河3次治污效果仍不尽如人意。从更大范围来说,清河面临的问题当引起人们对进一步治理流经北京市境内各大河流的深入思考。

河道治理不布局岂能下好棋?
发源于北京市海淀区碧云寺的清河流经朝阳、昌平两区,在顺义区汇入温榆河,全长23.6公里。现在这条曾经清流潺潺的河流变成了污浊不堪的城市排水河道。
治理仍在进行,但挡不住人们不断排放的脚步。人们感叹说:流清河,河流清,重现昔日风貌难上加难。
近日,记者随自然大学组织的"乐水行"活动(自然大学是由多家环保NGO组织发起的项目)沿清河全线进行考察。借此机会,记者得以一睹清河现状。
其实从更大范围来说,清河面临的问题,值得引起人们对进一步治理流经北京市境内各大河流的深入思考。包括永定河、潮白河、蓟运河、温榆-北运河在内的主要水系,也大多存在类似问题。如何让这些河流重现清波,成为摆在人们面前的一道难题。
河水臭味难闻,污水处理规模滞后
317,天气一反常态地阴冷。上午9点左右,记者到达清河南镇,准备参加清河中游的排污口拍摄活动。到了河边,记者才看到清河到底有多"":见底的河面上泛着黄绿色,上面还漂浮着成片的白色垃圾,河床里很多地方露出斑驳的污泥。记者一行人站在下风口,阵风吹来,很多人不禁眉头紧皱。
参加考察的队伍中有一个叫简格民的志愿者,他居住在清河上游,参加"乐水行"将近两年了。据他介绍,住在清河沿岸的居民,一年里基本上有两个月要遭罪,冬天还好一些,到了夏天,只有关着窗户才能避免臭味入户。
为了拍摄排污口,简格民一年四季经常深更半夜还在河边行走。去年一个冬天的晚上,他戴了头灯和口罩,拿了相机和测水深用的棍子,全副武装地去拍摄排污口。
当天晚上,简格民发现有3个排污口在排放污水,他测量完排污口宽度、排放时间与流量之后,在好奇心的驱使下,又爬到另一个排水口去看里面的构造。他发现里面有一道1尺多高的墙,水正从上面漫过来,他用手电往里一照,看到地沿上跑着一大群老鼠,顿时吓了一跳,加之出水口令人窒息的污浊空气,头一晕,一下子滑到了河水里。
据简格民讲,以前有3个流浪汉在桥下的排水管里住了很长时间。他们把管道架空了,管道下面流水,他们就在上面睡觉。有时,简格民拍照的时候会给他们带点吃的东西,问他们昨天晚上有没有排水。如今,3个流浪汉如今只剩下了1个。
从上午9~12点,记者一行人徒步从清河南镇沿着水流一直走到立水西桥,行程大约在13华里左右。
考察组所经过的河段被两座水闸分成3段。在靠近清河南镇附近的河段,由于上游水闸关闭,河床裸露在外;同时由于这一河段的社区比另外两段开发时间较早,居住人口也较多,河流中漂浮物也最多。
当日,这一河段有两个排污口正在排水,清河污水处理厂的排污口即是其中之一。由于刚排放的处理过的污水温度较高,这一段的河流有很长一段距离远远看去就像一个"蒸屉",河流上弥漫着一层白色的雾气。
据了解,清河污水处理厂第三期扩建工程预计将在今年五六月份竣工,届时,日处理规模将会再增加15万吨。也许到时水质会有一定改善。
                  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作者:/发布日期:2012/4/18 9:15:00
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